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The New International
Version (NIV) is an English
translation of the Bible first published in 1978 by Biblica (formerly the International
Bible Society). The NIV was published to meet the
need for a modern translation done by Bible scholars using the earliest, highest
quality manuscripts available. Of equal importance was that the Bible be
expressed in broadly understood modern English.
A team of 15 biblical scholars,
representing a variety of evangelical denominations,[5] worked
from the oldest copies of reliable texts, variously written in Hebrew, Aramaic,
and Greek. Each section was subjected to multiple translations and revisions,
and those assessed in detail to produce the best option. Everyday Bible readers
were used to provide feedback on ease of understanding and comprehensibility.
Finally, plans were made to continue revision of the Bible as new discoveries
were made and as changes in the use of the English language occurred.
The NIV is
published by Zondervan in the
United States and Hodder &
Stoughton in the UK. The NIV was updated in
1984 and 2011[6] and
has become one of the most popular and best-selling modern translations.[7]
The NIV began
in 1956 with the formation of a small committee to study the value of producing
a translation in the common language of the American people and a project of
the National
Association of Evangelicals in 1957.[8][9] In
1967, Biblica took responsibility for the
project and hired a team of 15 scholars from various Evangelical Christian
denominations and from various countries.[10][8] The
initial "Committee on Bible Translation" consisted of Leslie
Carlson, Edmund Clowney, Ralph Earle, Jr., Burton L. Goddard, R. Laird Harris, Earl S. Kalland, Kenneth Kantzer, Robert H. Mounce, Charles F. Pfeiffer, Charles Caldwell
Ryrie, Francis R. Steele, John H. Stek, J. C. Wenger, Stephen W. Paine, and Marten Woudstra. The New Testament was
released in 1973 and the full Bible in 1978.[8]
The NIV underwent
a minor revision in 1984. In 1995 a new version of the New Testament and Psalms
was published in the UK, with the full Bible following in 1996 as the New International Version Inclusive Language Edition,
but was not published in the U.S. because of opposition from conservative
evangelical groups there to inclusive language.[11] A
further edition with minor edits was published in 1999.
A revised English edition
titled Today's
New International Version (TNIV) was released as
a New Testament in
March 2002, the complete Bible being published in February 2005.[12]
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