This book presents recent innovations in plant virus expression systems and their uses for producing biologics from plants‎,‎ advances in the glycoengineering in plant to allow human‎-like glycomodification and optimization of desired glycan structures for enhancing safety and functionality of recombinant pharmaceutical glycoproteins‎,‎ highlights progress in the development of transgenic drought‎-tolerant rice plants‎,‎ with special attention paid to field trial investigations‎,‎ reviews the recent progress in the potential utilization of transcription factors involved in plant abiotic stress responses to improve multiple stress tolerance of crops in the field conditions‎,‎ describes recent advances and problems of soybean transformation‎,‎ new tools for chloroplast genetic engineering to allow the synthesis of human growth hormone in the green alga‎,‎ recent transgenic studies on abiotic stress tolerance and molecular breeding in potato‎,‎ approaches attempting to increase the vitamin B1 in crop plants‎.‎ This book also includes the recent case studies covering the diverse perspective directions of plant genetic engineering such as improving maize nutritive quality and salt tolerance‎,‎ increasing the artemisinin content in Artemisia annua plants to improve the availability of this one of the most effective and much‎-needed drug for malaria‎,‎ manipulating phytoalexins to increase the disease resistance of plants‎.‎ The current status of the various applications of the CRISPR/Cas system in plants‎,‎ where it is used for the successful generation of stable mutations in a steadily growing number of species‎,‎ gene targeting challenges in plants and their overcoming via intra genomic homologous recombination‎,‎ antisense approaches and currently applied breakthrough RNAi studies in cotton are discussed‎.‎ Undesired epigenetic silencing in transgenic technology is summarized‎.‎