International negotiations have become an increasingly widespread feature of international affairs‎,‎ as the number of parties involved have grown‎,‎ and regional and global fora have multiplied‎.‎ Cecilia Albin examines the role of considerations of justice and fairness in these negotiations‎.‎ She argues that negotiators do not simply pursue their narrow interests or those of their countries‎,‎ but regularly take principles of justice and fairness into account‎.‎ These principles come into play at an early stage‎,‎ as talks are structured and agendas set‎;‎ in the bargaining process itself‎;‎ and in the implementation of and compliance with agreements‎.‎ The analysis is based on cases in four important areas‎:‎ the environment‎;‎ international trade‎;‎ ethnic conflict ‎(‎the Israeli‎-Palestinian conflict‎)‎‎;‎ and arms control‎.‎ Drawing on a mass of empirical data‎,‎ including a large number of interviews‎,‎ this book relates the abstract debate over international norms and ethics to the realities of international relations‎.‎