The book aims to meet the needs of undergraduate students studying business and economics‎,‎ though parts of it may be useful to guide students further along the learning curve‎.‎ Apart from students‎,‎ the book can also be used by professionals to refresh and update their knowledge and understanding on the subject‎,‎ to help them carry out their responsibilities more efficiently‎.‎ This book provides a comprehensive presentation of topics‎,‎ including the theoretical foundations‎,‎ financial instruments‎,‎ banking operations‎,‎ risk management‎,‎ takaful‎,‎ and issues relating to the law‎,‎ regulation and governance‎.‎ It integrates mainstream and Islamic perspectives to provide students with real‎-world financial structures and examples‎.‎